Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Işıl Ülman F. Y. (Yürütücü), Aktaş A., Kahraman F., Çakar T., Bayram M. S. B., Tarcan S. H., et al.
Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, 2019 - 2020
EACME Oxford Conference, Sept. 12-14, 2019, Oral Paper Abstract
Ethical Aspects of the Use of Artificial Systems in
Medicine, A Qualitative Study
Yesim Isil Ulman, PhD, Acıbadem Univ. School of Medicine, History of Medicine & Ethics Dept.
Aysenur Aktas, PhD, Acıbadem University, Psychology Department
Tuna Cakar, PhD., MEF University, School of Engineering, Applied Neuroscience Dept.
Serim Hande Tarcan, MD,
Acıbadem Univ. School of Medicine
Bugrahan Bayram, Acıbadem Univ. School of Biomedical Engineering
Serra Bayrakçeken, Acıbadem
University School of Medicine, Year III
Berk Durak, Acıbadem
University School of Medicine, Year III
Artificial
Intelligence (AI) is generally defined as the inorganic systems such as
computers, programmes, robots and systems alike that can think, sense,
evaluate, reasons, resolve and consequently makes decisions like humans on the
basis of a system modelling human brain structure. It officially dates back to Alan Turing’s (1912-1954)
inventions in cryptography during the WWII (1939-1945) by means of machines aimed
to be programmed to think like humans (1). The term is coined by Dr.
Mc Carthy in 1956 at a multidisciplinary conference dedicated to AI that has triggered
groundbreaking achievements, since then, to be utilized, in science, education,
engineering as well as in medicine. AI can be used for preventive, diagnostic,
prognostic and surveillance dimensions of medicine, as well as in the field of
human biology, “omics” technologies, biostatistics and biotechnology (2).
However, the possibility of creating thinking machines raises a lot of ethical
issues. They are related both to ensuring that such machines do not harm humans
and other morally relevant beings, and to the moral status of the machines
themselves (3).
Our paper aims to examine the use of AI systems in medicine
and healthcare that brings about not only the technical, scientific concerns,
but also the social, ethical and philosophical implications of this new technology.
This is an ongoing qualitative study. The sample consists of twenty physicians
working in different departments of Acibadem University School of Medicine.
Data are generated via in-depth interviews that focus on views and experiences
regarding the knowledge, views and attitudes of doctors about the use of
artificial intelligence systems in medicine. The interviews are conducted in
line with a guide questioning the practices, difficulties, facilities of AI
systems, main ethical problems faced by the physicians and their views about
the future of this new technology.
Sources:
(1)
Cem
Say, Artificial Intelligence in 50 Questions, Istanbul 2018, (Turkish)
(2)
Pavel
Hamet, Johanne Tremblay, Artificial intelligence in medicine. Metabolism, April
2017; 69, Supplement:36–40.
(3)
Nick
Bostrom, Eliezer Yudkowsky, The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence (2011), Draft
for Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, eds. William Ramsey and
Keith Frankish (Cambridge University Press, 2011)